3.75 & 3.89 \\ Sec. 5.04, eff. Half of all Texans believe that they can trust all or most people in their neighborhood. 304, Sec. A) Super PACs About __% of Texas House seats are considered competitive. The contribution limits under this subsection are: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $25,000; or. 1, eff. FEC | Candidate | Who can and can't contribute For permission to reprint for commercial uses, 253.043. APPLICABILITY OF SUBCHAPTER. A person who knowingly makes or accepts a political contribution or makes a political expenditure in violation of this chapter is liable for damages to the state in the amount of triple the value of the unlawful contribution or expenditure. Jan. 1, 1992; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? (e) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. June 2, 2019. 3.74 & 4.57 \\ Suppose that the economy's production function is given by $\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{K}^{1 / 3} \mathrm{~N}^{2 / 3}$ and that both the saving rate, $s$, and the depreciation rate, $\delta$, are equal to $0.10$. | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | 253.153. 531, Sec. electioneering campaigns and get-out-the vote efforts (b) A corporation or labor organization may not knowingly make a contribution authorized by Subsection (a) during a period beginning on the 60th day before the date of a general election for state and county officers and continuing through the day of the election. Based on Table 3.2, what can be said about legislators in populous southern states (like Texas, Georgia, and North Carolina) compared to legislators in other populous states? 1, eff. Often, a candidates donation is reported multiple times because of overlapping or confusing filing deadlines with the state agency. 17(1), eff. 384 (H.B. Incorrect answers: Sec. 17(2), eff. the candidates' political party. 8, eff. 20005. (3) by a person who holds a state office or a member of the legislature if the person or member was defeated at the general election held immediately before the session is convened or by a specific-purpose political committee that supports or assists only that person or member. Who submits a recommended budget to the Texas legislature? Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. contract to purchase real property in Maryland ~~~~~\text{Newspapers. (b) A corporation may make political expenditures, including fully or partially matching contributions to an organization that is exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3), Internal Revenue Code of 1986, to finance the solicitation of political contributions to a general-purpose committee assisted under Subsection (a) from the stockholders, employees, or families of stockholders or employees of one or more corporations. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 6 bills to watch in the Texas Legislature in 2021 - KSAT Texas has a higher percentage of registered voters than the national average. Powers similar to those of the Speaker of the House, Does not have to be from the same party that controls Texas Senate. Public interest group: (c) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. $$ Those donations have added up, bringing in about $9.7 million for Abbott and $37.8. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. litigation Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multi-member plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? 2359), Sec. September 1, 2019. Additionally, federal law prohibits the use of contributor information for the purpose of soliciting contributions or for any commercial purpose. (c) This section does not apply to a political contribution that was made and accepted with the intent that it be used: (1) in an election held or ordered during the period prescribed by Subsection (a) in which the person accepting the contribution is a candidate if the contribution was made after the person appointed a campaign treasurer with the appropriate authority and before the person was sworn in for that office; (2) to defray expenses incurred in connection with an election contest; or. Battle for the Senate 2022 . 253.004. CONTRIBUTION FROM OR DIRECT CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURE BY POLITICAL PARTY. Texas campaign finance rules: Here's how they work. - The Texas Tribune 1, eff. A state senator that usually considers all the options and chooses the one he or she believes is the best is demonstrating the ____ representational role. 253.031. 253.151. NOTE: Figures include contributions from spouses and dependent children. (b) If the contribution or expenditure is in support of a candidate, each opposing candidate whose name appears on the ballot is entitled to recover damages under this section. Democrats currently have complete control in 15 states and Republicans do in 21. The U.S. Lawmakers Who Have Received the Most Funding from the NRA 253.105. Fled because they anticipated the Governor calling a second special session and they didn't want to be forced into a quorum. 3580), Sec. The main function of the Sunset Advisory Commission is to: The House of Senate can override an governors veto with a ______ vote, Closed riders are amendments to an appropriations bill that are, shielded from public inspection until they go to conference committee. \end{array} They are shielded from corruption laws as former legislators. (f) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Sept. 1, 2003. 384 (H.B. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are due primarily to what significant factor? While our totals capture all the donations to candidates whether large or small, there is no detailed donor information for those who contribute less than $90. (c) This section does not prohibit contributions made in the Capitol or a courthouse through the United States postal service or a common or contract carrier. An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. -140 days -6 months -one year -two years, True or false: Under the Texas Constitution, the power to tax resides with the legislature., The Texas State Senate consists of _____ members, who are elected to _____ year terms. 3233), Sec. 2, eff. They possess unique knowledge. C. Piers similar tot those of the speaker of the house. A.3d 1154 (Md. 6, eff. 839 (H.B. Sec. 253.006. The term does not include: (1) payments made to defray ordinary and necessary expenses incurred in connection with activities as a candidate or in connection with the performance of duties or activities as a public officeholder, including payment of rent, utility, and other reasonable housing or household expenses incurred in maintaining a residence in Travis County by members of the legislature who do not ordinarily reside in Travis County, but excluding payments prohibited under Section 253.038; or. 249, Sec. 3044), Sec. Simard defaulted (failed to pay) on An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. 5(1), eff. 304, Sec. get-out-the-vote efforts 2, eff. Which of the following are strategies that interest groups use to promote their concerns? (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. GOVT 2306 Chapter 3 Review: The Texas Legislature Flashcards - Lawyers and lobbyists give about equally to Democrats and Republicans - Labor contributed more money to Democrats than to Republicans Correct Answer(s) COERCION PROHIBITED. Sign up for our newsletter to track moneys influence on U.S. elections and public policy. Which of the following is the most likely reason a Legislature would attack a closed rider to a bill? California In what way are Texas, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota similar? Incorrect Answer(s) 2, eff. Brainscape helps you realize your greatest personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying. ~~~~~\text{Clothing } & & 40.00 & 31.75\\ (b) This section does not apply to a political expenditure made or authorized in violation of Subchapter F. Sec. Commissioning, which is when a group of appointed people draw out district maps that must be accepted by the legislature and are subject to review by the courts. (c) A political committee may not knowingly make or authorize a campaign contribution or campaign expenditure supporting or opposing a candidate for an office specified by Section 252.005(1) in a primary or general election unless the committee's campaign treasurer appointment has been filed not later than the 30th day before the appropriate election day. ), Correct answers: 905 (H.B. Aug. 28, 1995. 253.155. ~~~~~\text{Car registration} & &4.33 & 0\\ 3066), Sec. 1, eff. \text{Food} & & \$160.00 & \$175.70\\ lobbying Based on data released by the FEC on April 01, 2021. 17(7), eff. 1079 (H.B. Sec. ~~~~~\text{Pocket Money} & & 60.00 & 72.00\\[10pt] The date indicated by the post office cancellation mark or the common or contract carrier documents is considered to be the date the contribution was placed in the mail or delivered to the common or contract carrier unless proven otherwise. In its 2013 Shelby v. Holder decision about voting rights, the Supreme Court found out what as far as portions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965? Civil rights group: How will these differences be reconciled prior to the bill being sent to the governor for consideration? Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from: A A. Super PACs 14 Q Each election yer, about ______ of the House members face opposition in the general election A B. \text{Entertainment} \\ Who has raised the most money? (a-1) A judicial candidate or officeholder may not knowingly accept political contributions from a general-purpose committee that, in the aggregate, exceed the contribution limits prescribed by this subsection in connection with an election in which the judicial candidate's name appears on the ballot. 479, Sec. September 1, 2019. Sec. Which of the following would be considered an interest group? Sept. 1, 2001. 7, eff. Open Secrets following the money in politics, OpenSecrets Following the money in politics. 2, eff. The contribution limits work a little differently for presidential campaigns. 2677), Sec. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are primarily due to: What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? 1, eff. D) federal matching funds. 1329 (H.B. 253.154. Subsection (b) applies only to political contributions accepted on or after September 1, 1987. (2) the loan is made in the due course of business. 253.101. \text{Expenses} & & \text{Budgeted} & \text{Spent}\\[10pt] 253.104. Sec. 384 (H.B. Texas House of Representatives District 17 - Ballotpedia Sec. 7 The lieutenant governor is not formally a Senator and cannot vote except in cases of a tie, yet her or she has great power over rah Senate. 1, eff. OpenSecrets A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005 (202) 857-0044 INFO: info@crp.org Jan. 1, 1992. Sec. (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate or assisting a judicial officeholder may not use a political contribution to knowingly make political contributions that in the aggregate exceed $100 in a calendar year to a candidate or officeholder. 209 (H.B. (3) a political committee that accepted a political contribution from a source described by Subdivision (1) or (2) during the two-year period immediately before the date the political contribution or expenditure was made. !function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var e in a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-"+e)||document.querySelector("iframe[src*='"+e+"']");if(t)(t.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][e]+"px")}}))}(); !function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var e in a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var t=document.getElementById("datawrapper-chart-"+e)||document.querySelector("iframe[src*='"+e+"']");if(t)(t.style.height=a.data["datawrapper-height"][e]+"px")}}))}(); June 2, 2019. (1) twice the value of the unlawful contribution or expenditure; and. appoints all members of standing committees. Why? Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 17(4), eff. (b) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. First, the same seats and offices were not necessarily up for election in both years. 2.07, 2.08, eff. CERTAIN CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES AUTHORIZED. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. Sec. 3903), Sec. 2065), Sec. 899, Sec. (c) A corporation or labor organization that knowingly makes a contribution in violation of this section commits an offense. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. Senate Candidates, 2019 - 2020 Export to CSV Showing 1 to 10 of 10 entries *Incumbent seeking reelection. By treating each package like it is your own Sept. 1, 2003. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 3.68 & 3.57 \\ Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 937, Sec. (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder who makes political expenditures from the person's personal funds or who accepts one or more political contributions in the form of a loan, including an extension of credit or guarantee of a loan or extension of credit, from one or more persons related to the candidate or officeholder within the second degree of affinity or consanguinity, as determined under Subchapter B, Chapter 573, Government Code, may not reimburse those personal funds or repay those loans from political contributions in amounts that in the aggregate exceed, for each election in which the person's name appears on the ballot: (1) for a statewide judicial office, $100,000; or. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. $$ (b) A political contribution made by a corporation or labor organization under this section does not constitute a violation of Section 253.094(a) and the acceptance of the political contribution does not constitute a violation of Section 253.003(b). Sec. September 1, 2009. 3.96 & 4.36 \\ 1164 (H.B. According to Table 3.6, which chamber is less competitive overall? Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. What percentage of the Texas senate is usually elected during a presidential election year? liable for consequential damages, what is the extent of his liability? CONTRIBUTION TO CERTAIN COMMITTEES CONSIDERED CONTRIBUTION TO CANDIDATE OR OFFICEHOLDER. Each election year, about ________ of the Texas House races face no opposition in the general election. (d) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. Except for the Revolving Door section, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License by OpenSecrets.org. 4.grassroot organizations. (3) is not broadcast, cablecast, published in a newspaper or magazine, or placed on a billboard. June 2, 2019. Incorrect Answer(s) (2) held a judicial office, unless the person had become a candidate for another office and the contribution was made in connection with an election for nonjudicial office. GOVT 2306 Midterm review Flashcards | Quizlet By how much. Sec. 3233), Sec. 479, Sec. Despite the attention paid to lobbyists by business interests, the interest groups that spend the most on lobbying are public interest groups. June 2, 2019. Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multimember plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? At the statewide or legislative level, fines for missed reporting deadlines start at $500. 2525), Sec. Heres what we found: In Texas, 94 contested state legislative primaries took place in 2018, and 14 of them (15%) were decided by a margin of 10% or less. September 1, 2019. Define the restricted and unrestricted models if the hypotheses are 1, eff. Which of the following are arguments former legislators make to defend taking lobbying jobs after leaving office? Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. super PACs. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. A political contribution that is received and refused during that period shall be returned to the contributor not later than the 30th day after the date of receipt. 253.098. a) Find the minimax choice? Sec. (C) $5,000, if the population of the judicial district is more than one million. (b) For purposes of the contribution limits prescribed by Sections 253.155 and 253.157 and the limits on reimbursement of personal funds and repayment of certain loans prescribed by Section 253.162, a runoff election in which the candidate's name is on the ballot is considered a separate election. 1, eff. What are the two different calendars for minor bills in the Texas state house? Who submits a recommended budget to the Texas Legislature? 249, Sec. 1, eff. 3.33 & 3.80 \\ A(n) - is a private group that raises and distributes funds for use in a candidate's election campaigns. Sec. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. Legislature meets every other year The size of legislature raises issues, as smaller legislatures may be more what? subscription to a magazine 763, Sec. Recent efforts at reforming it have been -. 1239 (H.B. 1, eff. (a) A person may not knowingly make a political contribution in violation of this chapter. Why did the state of Texas draw new district lines in 2003? Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. CONTRIBUTION FROM CORPORATION OR LABOR ORGANIZATION. Collectively, U.S. House candidates raised more money by Aug. 27 than House candidates raised during the entire 2014 midterm election cycle, and Senate candidates weren't far behind. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. An offense under this section is a felony of the third degree. (c) A person who violates Subsection (a) commits an offense. Sec. creating political parties. 1, eff. 2.05, 2.06, eff. 1, eff. D. None of the above. Sec. What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. A corporation or labor organization may make campaign contributions from its own property to a political committee that has filed an affidavit with the committee's campaign treasurer appointment in accordance with Section 252.003(a)(4) or 252.0031(a)(2). Sec. 1, eff. $$. (a) In a reporting period, a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept political contributions totaling more than $500 from an out-of-state political committee unless, before accepting a contribution that would cause the total to exceed $500, the candidate, officeholder, or political committee, as applicable, receives from the out-of-state committee: (1) a written statement, certified by an officer of the out-of-state committee, listing the full name and address of each person who contributed more than $100 to the out-of-state committee during the 12 months immediately preceding the date of the contribution; or. 253.0341. 2012)]. 1127 (H.B. Jan. 1, 1992; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Washington, In this subchapter: (1) "Child" means a person under 18 years of age who is not and has not been married or who has not had the disabilities of minority removed for general purposes. Why are former legislators perceived to be effective lobbyists? (2) reasonable attorney's fees incurred in the suit. The House and Senate can override a governor's veto with what kind of vote? They have intimate knowledge of the government process. How long is the Texas legislature in session? 304, Sec. For more information, please click through. 3233), Sec. Sec. | | Recession | Stable | Expansion | 481 (H.B. Generally synonymous with reapportionment. Sometimes there are misspelled names, like a John Doe, John Dough, and John and Mary Dow, all at the same address. That's $20,000 more than the median Texas. - Most campaign donations go to Republicans in the Texas legislature. (e) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee that accepts political contributions totaling $500 or less from an out-of-state political committee shall include as part of the report filed under Chapter 254 that covers the reporting period in which the contribution is accepted: (1) the same information for the out-of-state political committee required for general-purpose committees by Sections 252.002 and 252.003; or. (13) creation and maintenance of the committee's public Internet web pages that do not contain political advertising. 2, eff. CONTRIBUTION AND EXPENDITURE WITHOUT CAMPAIGN TREASURER PROHIBITED. 479, Sec. 899, Sec. 899, Sec. A) super PACs B) contributors who live outside the district. - California has more lobbyists per capita than Texas, Study the following table, and determine which of the following statements are accurate. Why or why not? - Sierra Club, Analyze the infographic below, and determine which of the following statements are accurate. 3233), Sec. The contest was unusually competitive for an election in Texas, with most polls showing Cruz only slightly ahead. Test One- 3rd Quarter Flashcards by Luke Eldore | Brainscape Incorrect Answer(s) A contribution made by United States mail or by common or contract carrier is not considered received during that period if it was properly addressed and placed with postage or carrier charges prepaid or prearranged in the mail or delivered to the contract carrier before the beginning of the period. 17(5), eff. Research: Josh Altic Vojsava Ramaj 304, Sec. June 2, 2019. An organization whose only nonlegislator members are the lieutenant governor or the governor remains a "legislative caucus" for purposes of this section. 253.176. The reimbursement may not exceed the amount reported as a loan. 5(1), eff. Sec. 3233), Sec. 3233), Sec. Incorrect Answer(s) 1096, Sec. Influence all branches of government at all levels. 253.037. 3233), Sec. View candidates by campaign cycle to see who has raised the most. 253.152. (e) A person who violates this section commits an offense. 304, Sec. (c) A candidate or officeholder who deposits personal funds in an account in which political contributions are held shall report the amount of personal funds deposited as a loan and may reimburse the amount deposited as a loan from political contributions or unexpended personal funds deposited in the account. Jan. 1, 1992. 384 (H.B. Sec. (c) A person who is both a candidate and an officeholder may reimburse the person's personal funds in only one capacity. \hline 4.13 & 3.71 \\ 17(4), eff. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure in violation of this chapter. To eligible to run for the Texas House, you must, To be eligible to run for the Texas Senate you must. Assuming that Simard is CONTRIBUTIONS PROHIBITED. 304, Sec. CONTRIBUTIONS IN CERTAIN PUBLIC BUILDINGS PROHIBITED. Chapter 3 The Texas Legislature Flashcards | Quizlet Sept. 1, 1997. (b) A general-purpose committee may not knowingly make a political contribution to another general-purpose committee unless the other committee is listed in the campaign treasurer appointment of the contributor committee. OFFICEHOLDER CONTRIBUTIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH CAMPAIGN. (Measures of Texas Civic Health). ~~~~~\text{Heating fuel} & & 50.00 & 15.00\\ 249, Sec. Sec. 100% As of 2010 census, there were about 811,147 constituents per state senate districts in Texas. Answers: federal matching funds. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Texas governor's race Throughout his political career, Gov. running candidates 5, eff. (2) deliver to the county clerk of each county a written certification of the county's population, if the county: (A) comprises an entire judicial district under Chapter 26, Government Code; or. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure wholly or partly from a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. (3) for an office other than an office included under Subdivision (1) or (2): (A) $52,500, if the population of the judicial district is more than one million; (B) $30,000, if the population of the judicial district is 250,000 to one million; or. An officeholder who lawfully accepts officeholder contributions may use those contributions in connection with the officeholder's campaign for elective office after appointing a campaign treasurer. June 2, 2019. Sept. 1, 2003. In an average legislative session in the Texas legislature, about what percent of all bills introduced will actually be passed into law? 2 See answers Advertisement MubeenaD Campaign Finance Guide for Candidates and Officeholders Who File with Texas Ethics Commission ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide for Judicial Candidates and Officeholders ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide for Political Committees ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide for Out-of-State Committee Guide ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide . (e) A violation of Subsection (a) or (b) is a felony of the third degree if the contribution is made in violation of Subchapter D. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Incorrect Answer(s) 384 (H.B. (b) This section does not apply to a loan covered by Section 253.096. 13, eff. 4060), Sec. 253.007. Sept. 1, 1993. APPLICATION OF CONTRIBUTION AND REIMBURSEMENT LIMITS TO CERTAIN CANDIDATES. 552, Sec. Led by the oil and gas industry, this sector regularly pumps the vast majority of its campaign contributions into Republican coffers.Even as other traditionally GOP-inclined industries have shifted somewhat to the left, this sector has remained rock-solid red. 76.01, eff. 5, eff. Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 3233), Sec. Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 3.73 & 4.05 \\ The term includes an entity established by or for a legislative caucus to conduct research, education, or any other caucus activity. 5.06, eff. In cases with more, the numbers are combined to get a complete picture of the money raised. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 811,147 residents. | | State of Nature (State of the Economy) | | | Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. What he's received: $1,000 in direct support from the NRA and $3,278,632 in independent support. They are willing to work for free. \text{EXPENDITURES FOR THE MONTH OF JULY} Why? Which of the following is the primary goal of an interest group? June 2, 2019. They also link unclear PAC names, like "Pete for Senate," to the correct candidate (i.e. September 1, 2019. 253.133. Because of high levels of controversy surrounding redistricting, about a dozen states use this method of redistricting? Sen. Mitt Romney, Utah Republican: $13,645,387. 2065), Sec. Corporation Contribution Limits Twenty-three states completely prohibit corporations from contributing to political campaigns. (c) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. contributors who live outside the district. Sept. 1, 1997. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. Jan. 1, 1992. (b) Section 253.035(h) applies if the person does not report an amount as a loan as authorized by Subsection (a). Greg Abbott is known for having a big war chest, and this election is no exception. Sept. 1, 1997. (b) Subsection (a)(2) does not apply to a political contribution that was made and accepted with the intent that it be used to defray expenses incurred in connection with an election, including the repayment of any debt that is: (1) incurred directly by the making of a campaign expenditure during the period beginning on the date the application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention was required to be filed for the election in which the candidate last appeared on the ballot and ending on the date of that election; and. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 253.158. 17(1), eff. ACCEPTANCE OF POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS BY PERSON APPOINTED TO FILL VACANCY. Sec. - credibility June 2, 2019. (a) A candidate may not knowingly accept a campaign contribution or make or authorize a campaign expenditure at a time when a campaign treasurer appointment for the candidate is not in effect. How long is the Texas legislative session? \text{Personal}\\ PDF Texas Ethics Commission They have a right to make a living.